Abstract
The study was conducted during two growth seasons (2018 and 2019) at the Al Husseiniya date palm station/Horticulture and Forestry Department/Karbala Governorate. The experiment included 54 with two cultivars date palm trees (27 trees of Khastawi cultivar and 27 of Zahdi cultivar). Three concentrations of nano-fertilizer (IQ Combi) which included (0, 0.5 and 1 g. L−1) were tested. In addition, three concentrations of bio-nutritious Disper Osmotic GS (0, 1 and 2 g. L−1) were used.. The results showed that there were significant differences between Khastawi and Zahdi cultivars in the percentage of fruits holding, with the highest percentage of hold fruits recorded in Zahdi cultivar (73.07%). In case of nano-fertilizer concentration of (1 g. L−1) was superior in producing the highest percentage of hold fruits (77.46%), compared with other concentrations. Moreover, Disper Osmotic gave the highest percentage of fruit holding at 2 g. L−1(76.09%). Zahdi cultivar was superior in the mean of fruit flesh weight, length and weight of fruits (6.346 g, 3.207 cm, 7.514 g). Application of nano-fertizer showed a significant effect in increasing the mean of fruit flesh weight, length and weight of fruits with a concentration of 1 g. L−1. Disper Osmotic was also increased the mean of fruit flesh weight, length and weight of fruits, where concentration of 2 g. L−1 gave the highest rates (6.779 g, 3.167 cm, 7.786 g), respectively, compared with control treatment.. The results were also showed that the percentage of fruit falling of Zahdi cultivar was 27.38% which significantly lower than Khastawi cultivar (35.28%). Treatment with nano-fertizer at 1g L−1 was significantly decreased the rate of fruit falling (28.09%). Also, Disper Osmotic at 2 g. L−1 was decreased the rate of fruit falling (30.94%), compared with control treatment. The results showed that date palm cultivar was not significantly affected the maturity ratio. There was a significant difference in the fruit Bunch Weight, where Zahdi cultivar was superior in giving the highest mean of fruit Bunch Weight (11.664 kg, palm−1). The results also showed superiority of nano-fertizer by giving the highest fruit Bunch Weight (11.329 kg) at 1 g. L-1 palm−1. While, Disper Osmotic has exceeded at concentration of 2 g. L−1.palm−1 significantly which gave giving the highest the highest fruit Bunch Weight (11.142 kg. palm−1). Bilateral and trilateral interactions were also showed significant effects in all studied traits.
